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Melicope waialealae

(Wawra) T.G.Hartley & B.C.Stone (1989)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Rutaceae Genus: Melicope

‘ānonia, alani, alani kuahiwi, alani wai

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Many-branched shrubs or small trees 0.5–3 m tall.

Stems: New growth sparsely puberulent or sometimes densely yellowish brown appressed hirtellous, usually soon glabrate, stems erect to nearly prostrate in open bogs.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Whorled (4 per node). Blades narrowly elliptic to lanceolate–elliptic or sometimes elliptic, 5–9(–12) cm long, 0.8–2.5(–4.8) cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate, sometimes (wahiawa bog) rounded and ± weakly emarginate. Base attenuate to cuneate. Surfaces glabrous or sometimes midrib and vicinity on lower surfaces somewhat persistently short–hirtellous. Margins entire. Veins prominent, primary lateral veins usually 16–28 pairs, connected by a vein 0.5–1 mm from margin, venation pinnate, lateral veins connected by an arched submarginal vein, higher order venation forming a reticulate pattern. Petioles 0–5(–17) mm long, usually with leaf base slightly decurrent. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 1 to few, fasciculate, below the leaves, sparsely puberulent, peduncles 0–1 mm long, pedicels 2–5 mm long, bracts small, opposite. Calyx of 4 sepals; sepals imbricate, staminate flowers with sepals broadly ovate, ca. 2 mm long, pistillate flowers with sepals broadly ovate, ca. 2 mm long. Corolla of 4 petals, valvate, staminate flowers petals thin, oblong–deltate, 6–7 mm long, very sparsely puberulent to glabrous, pistillate flowers petals oblong–deltate, 5.5–6 mm long. Stamens 8, in 2 whorls, distinct, reduced but always present in functionally pistillate flowers, pistillate flowers Stamens rudimentary. Ovary superior, 4-celled and 4-lobed, carpels connate, only slightly distinct at apex to almost entirely distinct; ovules 2 per cell, hemitropous, 1 ascending; style 1, terminating in 4 short stigmatic branches, staminate flowers ovary rudimentary, glabrous, pistillate flowers ovary glabrous; style filiform, ca. 2 mm long.

Fruit: Capsules 7–10 (–17) mm wide; carpels connate 1/8–¼ their length; 3–5(–8) mm long; exocarp thin; glabrous; strongly veined when dry; endocarp glabrous. the carpels dehiscing along the upper suture; exocarp. Seeds 1(2) per carpel; 3–4 mm long. glossy black when ripe; crustaceous; ovoid; sometimes angled from compression; embryo straight in fleshy endosperm; radicle short; cotyledons compressed; ovate; putamen brown; warty.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in open bogs and small bog hummocks.

Elevation Range: (640)1,220–1,590 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Taxon 38: 122 (1989)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1206 (K [as Pelea waialealae]); Hartley & Stone 1989:122 (COMBNOV, Syn. P. waialealae = M. waialealae)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Low, wet elfin cloud forest of Metrosideros spp., Cheirodendron & Pelea spp. trees covered w/ bryophytes.... Preserved_Specimen Tree 2-3 m tall, leaves discolorous; fruits green; very common locally, endemis Lorence, D.H. 6028 Kauai BISH 1988-06-17
2 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros wet forest. W/Cheirodendron, Pittosporum gayanum, Melicope clusiifolia, Eurya sandwicensis, Clermontia fauriei, Melicope waialealae, Lobelia kauaensis, Dicranopteris linearis, Ilex, Broussaisia arguta, Cibotium Preserved_Specimen apocarp, whorled leaves, 2 meter tall, with flower and fruit Wood, K.R. 8233 Kauai BISH 2000-02-16
3 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Brush hummock in bog Preserved_Specimen Shrub, 2 m tall St.John, H. 23060 Kauai BISH 1947-12-25
4 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Tufts in open bog Preserved_Specimen 1 m shrub St.John, H. 26046 Kauai BISH 1957-01-02
5 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Bog Preserved_Specimen Dimunitive shrub, w/ subshrubs of Metrosideros, Myrsine, Euphorbia and tussock Panicum Stone, B.C. 3719 Kauai BISH 1961-08-11
6 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Edge of summit area Preserved_Specimen Bush to small shrub, 5 ft tall, flowers green Kores, P.J. 119 Kauai BISH 1979-09-02
7 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open bog area Preserved_Specimen Small shrub Herbst, D.R. 1450 Kauai BISH 1969-12-20
8 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In/nr bog Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2733 Kauai BISH 1895-10-19
9 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Boggy ground w/ Lobelia kauaensis, Myrsine angustifolia Preserved_Specimen Shrub to 3 ft, flowers and fruits green Carlquist, S. 1979 Kauai BISH 1966-07-11
10 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Low altitude bog w/ Dicranopteris, Oreobolus, and dwarf shrubs Preserved_Specimen Shrub .5-.7 m tall; flowers yellowish green, fruit green; locally frequent Lorence, D.H. 5168 Kauai BISH 1987-04-10
11 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open bog Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2 m tall MacDaniels, L.H. 637 Kauai BISH 1927-02-08
12 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open bog w/ depressed vegetation Preserved_Specimen Occasional shrub, 1 m tall; buds greenish-white Fosberg, F.R. 41473 Kauai BISH 1961-03-11
13 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open bog on low islands Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1-3 m tall St.John, H. 10774 Kauai BISH 1930-12-27
14 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stems decumbent Wagner, W.L. 4986 Kauai BISH 1983-08-27
15 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10776 Kauai BISH 1930-12-27
16 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dubautia-Sadleria shrubland/fernland, hgih wind summit slopes w. Psychotria mariniana, kadua affinis, Melicope clusiifolia, M. waitalealae, Vaccinium calycinum, Coprosma kauaense, Dubautia laxa, D. Paleata, D. imbricata acronaea, Machaerina angustifolia, Sadleria Preserved_Specimen tree, 1.75 m tall, bushy, in flower & fruit Wood, K.R. 14838 Kauai BISH 2012-01-11
17 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris low statured wet forest with wind swept ridge and riparian vegetation with Machaerina angustifolia, Gehnia beecheyi, Cheirodendron platyphylla, Psychotria mariniana, Dubautia laxa, Bobea elatior, Polyscias oahuensis, Kadua affinis, Prichardia flynnii, Broussaisia arguta, Preserved_Specimen Shrub or small tree, 1 meter tall, with bud and flower, occasional to common along ridges. Wood, K.R. 18371 Kauai BISH 2020-01-30
18 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest w/ Cobotium, Vaccinium, Myrsine, and more Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 9227 Kauai BISH 1988-05-19
19 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open bog w/ Metrosideros, Ilex, grasses.... Preserved_Specimen Much branched shrub to 5 dm(?) high w/ tough, pliable branches Fay, J.J. 150 Kauai BISH 1973-11-09
20 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Male Lane, I.E. 56571 Kauai BISH 1956-12-01
21 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Erect shrub 2 m tall Medeiros, A.C. 513 Kauai BISH 1983-09-01
22 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Small shrub, 12-20 in. tall Gustafson, R. 1040 Kauai BISH 1978-11-26
23 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Small shrub in flower; few scattered Herat, T. 324 Kauai BISH 1973-06-09
24 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Female Cranwell, L.M. 2945 Kauai BISH 1938-08-15
25 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Small, much-branched shrub Herbst, D.R. 2419 Kauai BISH 1972-05-22
26 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 171 Kauai BISH 1909-10-01
27 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Chock, A.K. 1188 Kauai BISH 1953-09-04
28 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4975 Kauai BISH 1909-09-24
29 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lane, I.E. 56571 Kauai BISH 1956-12-01
30 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8883 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
31 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 985 Kauai BISH 1922-10-27
32 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2946 Kauai BISH 1938-08-15
33 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4985 Kauai BISH 1909-09-24
34 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 900 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
35 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1154 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
36 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 900 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
37 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 209 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
38 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Bog Preserved_Specimen Shrub Stone, B.C. 1653 Kauai BISH 1957-01-02
39 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
40 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1911-10-20
41 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
42 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4979 Kauai BISH 1983-08-27
43 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4977 Kauai BISH 1909-09-24
44 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
45 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 17278 BISH
46 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Boggy area of low canopy Metrosideros spp. Montane wet forest with Metrosideros polymorpha var. dieteri, M. polymorpha var. glaberrima, M. waialealae var. waialealae, Cheirodendron spp., Macherina angustifolia, Vaccinium spp., Nertera granadensis Preserved_Specimen Shrub about 3 feet tall. Leaves strong, sweetly fragrant when crushed. Walsh, S. 690 Kauai BISH 2019-02-06
47 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In bog proper Preserved_Specimen Shrub, 18 in. tall; flowers pale yellow Stern, W.L. 1332 Kauai BISH 1961-08-01
48 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lower part of summit area, on trail Preserved_Specimen Shrub 3-6 ft; flowers yellowish green van Royen, P. 11726 Kauai BISH 1977-09-03
49 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Higher parts of bog Preserved_Specimen Shrub, 3-5 ft tall, freely branching, feaves yellowish-green St.John, H. 13566 Kauai BISH 1933-12-24
50 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rolling hills, along bog margins, stream drainages, steep perimeter SW rim, windswept shrubland; Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dubautia laxa, D. paleata, Melicope clusiifolia, M. waialealae, M. kavaiensis, M. wawraeana, M. cruciata, Dicranopteris linearis, Sticherus owhyhensis, Diplopterygium pinnatum Preserved_Specimen 1-3 m tree; stems stiffly erect Wood, K.R. 8185 Kauai BISH 2000-02-01
51 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Low hillock in bog Preserved_Specimen 1 m shrub Takeuchi, W.N. 90 Kauai BISH 1983-01-01
52 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest w/ Cobotium, Vaccinium, Myrsine, and more Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 9227 Kauai BISH 1988-05-19
53 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron short statured wet forest with open bog habitat dissected by headwater drainages.w/genera such as Melicope, Mrysine, Dubautia, Cheirodendron, Metrosdieros, Coprosma, Labordia, Psychotria, Vaccinium, and Kadua, fern genera include Asplenium, Adenophorus, Dryopteris, Sadleria, El Preserved_Specimen tree, 1.5 m tall, broad leaf form, well branched and stiffly ascending, occasional with M. wawraeana, M. kaviensis, M. clusiifolia, M. cruciata. Wood, K.R. 16259 Kauai BISH 2015-01-21
54 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sloping bogs with adjacent Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest with small side streams and wind swept slopes w/Rhynchospora rugosa lavarum, Racomitrium, Oreobolus, Viola wailenalenae, Myrsine helleri, Lobelia villosa, L. hypoleuca, Sadleria pallida, Machaerina angustifolia, Gahnia beecheyi, Gahnia vitiensis Preserved_Specimen Tree, 1.5 m tall, occasional with M. feddei, in flower Wood, K.R. 16015 Kauai BISH 2014-07-30
55 Melicope waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open swamp Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10846 Kauai BISH 1930-12-29
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